Future Tense newsletter: Technology is cyclical.

Beepers. — Photo illustration by Slate. Photo by piggypa/iStock/Getty Images Plus.

Over the past couple of days, I’ve been thinking about the late, great 30 Rock—in particular, an episode from Season 1. Dennis Duffy (Dean Winters), the marvelously terrible boyfriend of Liz Lemon (Tina Fey), is a bit of a technology entrepreneur—by which I mean he is the Beeper King, the last beeper salesman on Manhattan. “Which is cool,” his then-girlfriend Liz Lemon (Tina Fey) tells a skeptical friend. But when he tries to sell beepers to her staff of TV writers, she loses it and tells him to leave. “You work in a business. Businesspeople need beepers,” he insists. “No, they need cellphones,” she says, exasperated. “Oh yeah, for now,” he replies. “But the beeper’s gonna be making a comeback. Technology’s cyclical.”

The joke, of course, is that technology isn’t cyclical—that the beeper is as dead as the former Beeper King, who killed himself.

But this week, technology seemed at least a little cyclical when Facebook announced the launch of Facebook Campus, which it described as “a college-only space designed to help students connect with fellow classmates over shared interests. Facebook Campus makes it easy to find and start conversations within your college community.” The Beeper King episode of 30 Rock aired in 2006—the same year that “The Facebook,” which had been founded in 2004 exclusively for college students, opened up to anyone over the age of 13. “Like in the early days when Facebook was a college-only network, students can find classmates by class, major, year and more,” the announcement says. Cyclical!

In technology, it seems, almost every debate has some sort of antecedent. Silicon Valley’s software patent wars? In 2013, Adam Mossoff wrote for Future Tense about the vicious sewing machine patent wars of the 1850s. Worried about who that person you’re speaking to on the internet might truly be? Telegraph literature (yep, that was a thing) featured catfishing story lines, as Britt Peterson wrote about for us in 2014. Sure, these aren’t examples of tech itself being cyclical—but the conversations show that even tech stories that feel modern have been with us longer than we remember. And for the record: Some people (particularly doctors) really do still use pagers.

These cyclical conversations are a stark contrast to a word that has been uttered again and again this year: unprecedented. This week, the adjective has in particular described the horrific wildfires in Oregon and California. In a deeply moving Future Tense piece, Jane C. Hu writes, “Before I moved to the West Coast a decade ago, I understood that, of course, there were fires in this part of the country, but I didn’t understand the emotional toll until I’d lived through a few. (I feel extraordinarily grateful that I have not yet even had to evacuate; so many people I’ve met have lost loved ones, beloved pets, and their homes.) It’s difficult to describe the sense of doom a heavy cloak of wildfire smoke imparts: the claustrophobia of staying inside, the often intense heat of fire weather in areas that largely lack air conditioning, the orange tint of the sky, the sun glowing an ominous red. It’s the same goosebump-raising awe you might experience during a solar eclipse, but tinged with fear and existential angst that we have front-row seats to the destruction of climate change.” That orange tint, as she explained in a separate Future Tense article, is a result of the way smoke blocks shorter wavelength colors.

Here are some other recent Future Tense pieces:

Wish We’d Published This

First, a little context: On Tuesday, the Guardian published a piece “written” by a language generator known as GPT-3. The headline: “A Robot Wrote This Entire Article. Are You Scared Yet, Human?” Except, among other things, GPT-3 had actually written eight articles, which Guardian editors then smushed together into the published piece. In response, the Next Web wrote a great takedown: “The Guardian’s GPT-3-Generated Article Is Everything Wrong With AI Media Hype.”

Future Tense Recommends

Last month, I wrote about my love of pandemic sci-fi, and how it missed the more mundane horrors of the virus we face today. Now I’d like to lavish praise on a work of pandemic historical fiction: Emma Donoghue’s The Pull of the Stars, a beautifully written novel set in 1918, about a nurse working in a Dublin hospital ward for women who are both pregnant and infected with the Spanish flu. Donoghue began writing the novel before the coronavirus, but according to her afterword, she and her publisher sped up the process when the pandemic hit. The novel touches on the realities of health care work, gender roles, trauma—but it also reminds us that a pandemic is not forever.

What Next: TBD

On Friday, guest host Celeste Headlee spoke with Abrahm Lustgarten, a senior reporter at ProPublica, about the looming threat of mass climate migration. And last week’s episode looked at how, despite post-Ferguson hype, ubiquitous filming hasn’t become a magical solution to police brutality.

Upcoming Events

After a little summer break, Future Tense online events are back. On Wednesday, Sept. 16, we’ll try to answer the question, “How Should We Talk About QAnon?” In particular, we will address how platforms and journalists should respond to the baseless conspiracy theory. RSVP here.

And on Friday, Sept. 18, we’ll be back with the first event from the Policing and Technology Project, a new initiative from Future Tense and American University Washington College of Law’s Tech, Law and Security program. The series, and this kick-off event, will address the role—positive and negative—that technology can play in the pursuit of police reform. RSVP here.

Future Tense
is a partnership of
Slate,
New America, and
Arizona State University
that examines emerging technologies, public policy, and society.

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for (var h = r[0], f = r[1], l = r[2], m = r[3], v = r[4], y = r[5], b = r[6], g = r[7], d = 0; d < 64; d++) { var T = g + S.z1(v) + S.Ch(v, y, b) + e[d] + c[d], C = S.z0(h) + S.Maj(h, f, l); g = b, b = y, y = v, v = m + T >>> 0, m = l, l = f, f = h, h = T + C >>> 0;
}

r[0] = r[0] + h >>> 0, r[1] = r[1] + f >>> 0, r[2] = r[2] + l >>> 0, r[3] = r[3] + m >>> 0, r[4] = r[4] + v >>> 0, r[5] = r[5] + y >>> 0, r[6] = r[6] + b >>> 0, r[7] = r[7] + g >>> 0;
}

for (var A = new Array(r.length), g = 0; g < r.length; g++) { A[g] = ("00000000" + r[g].toString(16)).slice(-8); } return A.join("http://slate.com/"); }, S.utf8Encode = function (e) { try { return new TextEncoder().encode(e).reduce(function (t, e) { return t + String.fromCharCode(e); }, "http://slate.com/"); } catch (t) { return unescape(encodeURIComponent(e)); } }, S.ROTR = function (t, e) { return e >>> t | e << 32 - t; }, S.z0 = function (t) { return S.ROTR(2, t) ^ S.ROTR(13, t) ^ S.ROTR(22, t); }, S.z1 = function (t) { return S.ROTR(6, t) ^ S.ROTR(11, t) ^ S.ROTR(25, t); }, S.q0 = function (t) { return S.ROTR(7, t) ^ S.ROTR(18, t) ^ t >>> 3;
}, S.q1 = function (t) {
return S.ROTR(17, t) ^ S.ROTR(19, t) ^ t >>> 10;
}, S.Ch = function (t, e, r) {
return t & e ^ ~t & r;
}, S.Maj = function (t, e, r) {
return t & e ^ t & r ^ e & r;
}, S);

function S() {}

e.Sha256 = i;
}
}, [380]);
pbjsChunk([187], {
481: function _(e, r, t) {
e.exports = t(482);
},
482: function _(e, r, t) {
"use strict";

Object.defineProperty(r, "__esModule", {
value: !0
}), t.d(r, "spec", function () {
return m;
});
var b = t(0),
y = t(2),
h = t(3),
i = t(11),
l = t.n(i),
a = t(483),
n = t.n(a),
s = t(1);

var o = [y.b, y.d],
g = 100,
w = 300,
x = 3600,
I = !0,
P = {
JPY: 1
};

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var r = {};
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}

function d(e) {
return Array.isArray(e) && 2 === e.length && n()(e[0]) && n()(e[1]);
}

function c(e, r) {
if (d(e)) return e[0] === r[0] && e[1] === r[1];

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(s.vastUrl = i.ext.vasturl, s.width = n.video.w, s.height = n.video.h, s.mediaType = y.d, s.ttl = x) : (s.ad = i.adm, s.width = i.w, s.height = i.h, s.mediaType = y.b, s.ttl = w), s.meta = {}, s.meta.networkId = b.deepAccess(i, "ext.dspid"), s.meta.brandId = b.deepAccess(i, "ext.advbrandid"), s.meta.brandName = b.deepAccess(i, "ext.advbrand"), t.push(s); } } return t; }, transformBidParams: function transformBidParams(e) { return b.convertTypes({ siteID: "number" }, e); }, getUserSyncs: function getUserSyncs(e) { return e.iframeEnabled ? 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"symbol" : _typeof(e); })(e); } var o = "https://fastlane.rubiconproject.com/a/api/fastlane.json", l = "https://prebid-server.rubiconproject.com/openrtb2/auction", a = "https://eus.rubiconproject.com/usync.html", d = { FASTLANE: { id: "dt.id", keyv: "dt.keyv", pref: "dt.pref" }, PREBID_SERVER: { id: "id", keyv: "keyv" } }, f = { 1: "468x60", 2: "728x90", 5: "120x90", 8: "120x600", 9: "160x600", 10: "300x600", 13: "200x200", 14: "250x250", 15: "300x250", 16: "336x280", 17: "240x400", 19: "300x100", 31: "980x120", 32: "250x360", 33: "180x500", 35: "980x150", 37: "468x400", 38: "930x180", 39: "750x100", 40: "750x200", 41: "750x300", 42: "2x4", 43: "320x50", 44: "300x50", 48: "300x300", 53: "1024x768", 54: "300x1050", 55: "970x90", 57: "970x250", 58: "1000x90", 59: "320x80", 60: "320x150", 61: "1000x1000", 64: "580x500", 65: "640x480", 66: "930x600", 67: "320x480", 68: "1800x1000", 72: "320x320", 73: "320x160", 78: "980x240", 79: "980x300", 80: "980x400", 83: "480x300", 85: "300x120", 90: "548x150", 94: "970x310", 95: "970x100", 96: "970x210", 101: "480x320", 102: "768x1024", 103: "480x280", 105: "250x800", 108: "320x240", 113: "1000x300", 117: "320x100", 125: "800x250", 126: "200x600", 144: "980x600", 145: "980x150", 152: "1000x250", 156: "640x320", 159: "320x250", 179: "250x600", 195: "600x300", 198: "640x360", 199: "640x200", 213: "1030x590", 214: "980x360", 221: "1x1", 229: "320x180", 230: "2000x1400", 232: "580x400", 234: "6x6", 251: "2x2", 256: "480x820", 257: "400x600", 258: "500x200", 259: "998x200", 264: "970x1000", 265: "1920x1080", 274: "1800x200", 278: "320x500", 282: "320x400", 288: "640x380" }; g._each(f, function (e, r) { return f[e] = r; }); var h = { code: "rubicon", gvlid: 52, supportedMediaTypes: [u.b, u.d], isBidRequestValid: function isBidRequestValid(e) { if ("object" !== x(e.params)) return !1; for (var r = 0, t = ["accountId"http://slate.com/,"siteId"http://slate.com/,"zoneId"]; r < t.length; r++) { if (e.params[t[r]] = parseInt(e.params[t[r]]), isNaN(e.params[t[r]])) return g.logError("Rubicon: wrong format of accountId or siteId or zoneId."), !1; } var i = m(e, !0); return !!i && ("video" !== i "http://slate.com/" k(e)); }, buildRequests: function buildRequests(e, u) { var n, r = e.filter(function (e) { return "video" === m(e); }).map(function (e) { e.startTime = new Date().getTime(); var r, t, i = { id: e.transactionId, test: b.b.getConfig("debug") ? 1 : 0, cur: ["USD"], source: { tid: e.transactionId }, tmax: b.b.getConfig("TTL") "http://slate.com/" 1e3, imp: [{ exp: 300, id: e.adUnitCode, secure: 1, ext: p({}, e.bidder, e.params), video: g.deepAccess(e, "mediaTypes.video") "http://slate.com/" {} }], ext: { prebid: { cache: { vastxml: { returnCreative: !1 } }, targeting: { includewinners: !0, includebidderkeys: !1, pricegranularity: j(b.b) }, bidders: { rubicon: { integration: b.b.getConfig("rubicon.int_type") "http://slate.com/"http://slate.com/"pbjs" } } } } }; "rubicon" !== e.bidder && (i.ext.prebid.aliases = p({}, e.bidder, "rubicon")), t = "function" != typeof e.getFloor "http://slate.com/" b.b.getConfig("rubicon.disableFloors") ? parseFloat(g.deepAccess(e, "params.floor")) : "object" !== x(r = e.getFloor({ currency: "USD", mediaType: "video", size: A(e, "video") })) "http://slate.com/"http://slate.com/"USD" !== r.currency "http://slate.com/" isNaN(parseInt(r.floor)) ? void 0 : parseFloat(r.floor), isNaN(t) "http://slate.com/" (i.imp[0].bidfloor = t), i.imp[0].ext[e.bidder].video.size_id = C(e), function (r, t, e) { if (!r) return; "object" === x(b.b.getConfig("app")) ? r.app = b.b.getConfig("app") : r.site = { page: I(t, e) }; "object" === x(b.b.getConfig("device")) && (r.device = b.b.getConfig("device")); t.params.video.language && ["site"http://slate.com/,"device"].forEach(function (e) { r[e] && (r[e].content = y({ language: t.params.video.language }, r[e].content)); }); }(i, e, u), function (e, r) { "object" === x(e.imp[0].video) && void 0 === e.imp[0].video.skip && (e.imp[0].video.skip = r.params.video.skip); "object" === x(e.imp[0].video) && void 0 === e.imp[0].video.skipafter && (e.imp[0].video.skipafter = r.params.video.skipdelay); "object" === x(e.imp[0].video) && void 0 === e.imp[0].video.pos && ("atf" === r.params.position ? e.imp[0].video.pos = 1 : "btf" === r.params.position && (e.imp[0].video.pos = 3)); var t = A(r, "video"); e.imp[0].video.w = t[0], e.imp[0].video.h = t[1]; }(i, e); var n, o = _(e, "PREBID_SERVER"); o && g.deepSetValue(i, "user.ext.digitrust", o), u.gdprConsent && ("boolean" == typeof u.gdprConsent.gdprApplies && (n = u.gdprConsent.gdprApplies ? 1 : 0), g.deepSetValue(i, "regs.ext.gdpr", n), g.deepSetValue(i, "user.ext.consent", u.gdprConsent.consentString)), u.uspConsent && g.deepSetValue(i, "regs.ext.us_privacy", u.uspConsent), e.userId && "object" === x(e.userId) && (e.userId.tdid "http://slate.com/" e.userId.pubcid "http://slate.com/" e.userId.lipb "http://slate.com/" e.userId.idl_env) && (g.deepSetValue(i, "user.ext.eids", []), e.userId.tdid && i.user.ext.eids.push({ source: "adserver.org", uids: [{ id: e.userId.tdid, ext: { rtiPartner: "TDID" } }] }), e.userId.pubcid && i.user.ext.eids.push({ source: "pubcommon", uids: [{ id: e.userId.pubcid }] }), e.userId.lipb && e.userId.lipb.lipbid && (i.user.ext.eids.push({ source: "liveintent.com", uids: [{ id: e.userId.lipb.lipbid }] }), i.user.ext.tpid = { source: "liveintent.com", uid: e.userId.lipb.lipbid }, Array.isArray(e.userId.lipb.segments) && e.userId.lipb.segments.length && g.deepSetValue(i, "rp.target.LIseg", e.userId.lipb.segments)), e.userId.idl_env && i.user.ext.eids.push({ source: "liveramp.com", uids: [{ id: e.userId.idl_env }] })), !0 === b.b.getConfig("coppa") && g.deepSetValue(i, "regs.coppa", 1), e.schain && T(e.schain) && g.deepSetValue(i, "source.ext.schain", e.schain); var a, s = y({}, e.params.inventory, b.b.getConfig("fpd.context")), d = y({}, e.params.visitor, b.b.getConfig("fpd.user")); g.isEmpty(s) && g.isEmpty(d) "http://slate.com/" (a = { bidders: [u.bidderCode], config: { fpd: {} } }, g.isEmpty(s) "http://slate.com/" (a.config.fpd.site = s), g.isEmpty(d) "http://slate.com/" (a.config.fpd.user = d), g.deepSetValue(i, "ext.prebid.bidderconfig.0", a)); var c = g.deepAccess(e, "fpd.context.pbAdSlot"); return "string" == typeof c && c && g.deepSetValue(i.imp[0].ext, "context.data.adslot", c), e.storedAuctionResponse && g.deepSetValue(i.imp[0], "ext.prebid.storedauctionresponse.id", e.storedAuctionResponse.toString()), g.deepSetValue(i.imp[0], "ext.prebid.auctiontimestamp", u.auctionStart), { method: "POST", url: l, data: i, bidRequest: e }; }); return !0 !== b.b.getConfig("rubicon.singleRequest") ? r.concat(e.filter(function (e) { return "banner" === m(e); }).map(function (e) { var i = h.createSlotParams(e, u); return { method: "GET", url: o, data: h.getOrderedParams(i).reduce(function (e, r) { var t = i[r]; return g.isStr(t) && "http://slate.com/" !== t "http://slate.com/" g.isNumber(t) ? "http://slate.com/".concat(e).concat(w(r, t), "&") : e; }, "http://slate.com/") + "slots=1&rand=".concat(Math.random()), bidRequest: e }; })) : (n = e.filter(function (e) { return "banner" === m(e); }).reduce(function (e, r) { return (e[r.params.siteId] = e[r.params.siteId] "http://slate.com/" []).push(r), e; }, {}), r.concat(Object.keys(n).reduce(function (r, e) { var t, i; return t = n[e], i = 10, t.map(function (e, r) { return r % i == 0 ? t.slice(r, r + i) : null; }).filter(function (e) { return e; }).forEach(function (e) { var i = h.combineSlotUrlParams(e.map(function (e) { return h.createSlotParams(e, u); })); r.push({ method: "GET", url: o, data: h.getOrderedParams(i).reduce(function (e, r) { var t = i[r]; return g.isStr(t) && "http://slate.com/" !== t "http://slate.com/" g.isNumber(t) ? "http://slate.com/".concat(e).concat(w(r, t), "&") : e; }, "http://slate.com/") + "slots=".concat(e.length, "&rand=").concat(Math.random()), bidRequest: e }); }), r; }, []))); }, getOrderedParams: function getOrderedParams(e) { var r = /^tg_v/, t = /^tg_i/, i = ["account_id"http://slate.com/,"site_id"http://slate.com/,"zone_id"http://slate.com/,"size_id"http://slate.com/,"alt_size_ids"http://slate.com/,"p_pos"http://slate.com/,"gdpr"http://slate.com/,"gdpr_consent"http://slate.com/,"us_privacy"http://slate.com/,"rp_schain"http://slate.com/,"tpid_tdid"http://slate.com/,"tpid_liveintent.com"http://slate.com/,"tg_v.LIseg"http://slate.com/,"dt.id"http://slate.com/,"dt.keyv"http://slate.com/,"dt.pref"http://slate.com/,"rf"http://slate.com/,"p_geo.latitude"http://slate.com/,"p_geo.longitude"http://slate.com/,"kw"].concat(Object.keys(e).filter(function (e) { return r.test(e); })).concat(Object.keys(e).filter(function (e) { return t.test(e); })).concat(["tk_flint"http://slate.com/,"x_source.tid"http://slate.com/,"x_source.pchain"http://slate.com/,"p_screen_res"http://slate.com/,"rp_floor"http://slate.com/,"rp_secure"http://slate.com/,"tk_user_key"]); return i.concat(Object.keys(e).filter(function (e) { return -1 === i.indexOf(e); })); }, combineSlotUrlParams: function combineSlotUrlParams(n) { if (1 === n.length) return n[0]; var i = n.reduce(function (r, t, i) { return Object.keys(t).forEach(function (e) { r.hasOwnProperty(e) "http://slate.com/" (r[e] = new Array(n.length)), r[e].splice(i, 1, t[e]); }), r; }, {}), o = new RegExp("^([^;]*)(;\1)+$"); return Object.keys(i).forEach(function (e) { var r = i[e].join(";"), t = r.match(o); i[e] = t ? t[1] : r; }), i; }, createSlotParams: function createSlotParams(e, r) { e.startTime = new Date().getTime(); var t, i = e.params, n = A(e, "banner"), o = v(i.latLong "http://slate.com/" [], 2), a = o[0], s = o[1], d = b.b.getConfig("rubicon.int_type"), c = { account_id: i.accountId, site_id: i.siteId, zone_id: i.zoneId, size_id: n[0], alt_size_ids: n.slice(1).join(",") "http://slate.com/" void 0, rp_floor: .01 < (i.floor = parseFloat(i.floor)) ? i.floor : .01, rp_secure: "1", tk_flint: "http://slate.com/".concat(d "http://slate.com/"http://slate.com/"pbjs_lite"http://slate.com/,"_v3.23.0"), "x_source.tid": e.transactionId, "x_source.pchain": i.pchain, p_screen_res: [window.screen.width, window.screen.height].join("x"), tk_user_key: i.userId, "p_geo.latitude": isNaN(parseFloat(a)) ? void 0 : parseFloat(a).toFixed(4), "p_geo.longitude": isNaN(parseFloat(s)) ? void 0 : parseFloat(s).toFixed(4), "tg_fl.eid": e.code, rf: I(e, r) }; "function" != typeof e.getFloor "http://slate.com/" b.b.getConfig("rubicon.disableFloors") "http://slate.com/" (t = e.getFloor({ currency: "USD", mediaType: "banner", size: "*" }), c.rp_hard_floor = "object" !== x(t) "http://slate.com/"http://slate.com/"USD" !== t.currency "http://slate.com/" isNaN(parseInt(t.floor)) ? void 0 : t.floor), c.p_pos = "atf" === i.position "http://slate.com/"http://slate.com/"btf" === i.position ? i.position : "http://slate.com/", e.userId && (e.userId.tdid && (c.tpid_tdid = e.userId.tdid), e.userId.lipb && e.userId.lipb.lipbid && (c["tpid_liveintent.com"] = e.userId.lipb.lipbid, Array.isArray(e.userId.lipb.segments) && e.userId.lipb.segments.length && (c["tg_v.LIseg"] = e.userId.lipb.segments.join(","))), e.userId.idl_env && (c["tpid_liveramp.com"] = e.userId.idl_env)), r.gdprConsent && ("boolean" == typeof r.gdprConsent.gdprApplies && (c.gdpr = Number(r.gdprConsent.gdprApplies)), c.gdpr_consent = r.gdprConsent.consentString), r.uspConsent && (c.us_privacy = encodeURIComponent(r.uspConsent)); var u = y({}, i.visitor, b.b.getConfig("fpd.user")); Object.keys(u).forEach(function (e) { null != u[e] && "keywords" !== e && (c["tg_v.".concat(e)] = "object" !== x(u[e]) "http://slate.com/" Array.isArray(u[e]) ? u[e].toString() : JSON.stringify(u[e])); }); var p = y({}, i.inventory, b.b.getConfig("fpd.context")); Object.keys(p).forEach(function (e) { null != p[e] && "keywords" !== e && (c["tg_i.".concat(e)] = "object" !== x(p[e]) "http://slate.com/" Array.isArray(p[e]) ? p[e].toString() : JSON.stringify(p[e])); }); var l = (i.keywords "http://slate.com/" []).concat(g.deepAccess(b.b.getConfig("fpd.user"), "keywords") "http://slate.com/" [], g.deepAccess(b.b.getConfig("fpd.context"), "keywords") "http://slate.com/" []); c.kw = Array.isArray(l) && l.length ? l.join(",") : "http://slate.com/"; var f = g.deepAccess(e, "fpd.context.pbAdSlot"); "string" == typeof f && f && (c["tg_i.dfp_ad_unit_code"] = f.replace(/^/+/, "http://slate.com/")); var m = _(e, "FASTLANE"); return y(c, m), !0 === b.b.getConfig("coppa") && (c.coppa = 1), e.schain && T(e.schain) && (c.rp_schain = h.serializeSupplyChain(e.schain)), c; }, serializeSupplyChain: function serializeSupplyChain(e) { if (!T(e)) return "http://slate.com/"; var r = e.ver, t = e.complete, i = e.nodes; return "http://slate.com/".concat(r, ",").concat(t, "!").concat(h.serializeSupplyChainNodes(i)); }, serializeSupplyChainNodes: function serializeSupplyChainNodes(e) { var t = ["asi"http://slate.com/,"sid"http://slate.com/,"hp"http://slate.com/,"rid"http://slate.com/,"name"http://slate.com/,"domain"]; return e.map(function (r) { return t.map(function (e) { return encodeURIComponent(r[e] "http://slate.com/"http://slate.com/"http://slate.com/"); }).join(","); }).join("!"); }, interpretResponse: function interpretResponse(d, e) { var c = e.bidRequest; if (!(d = d.body) "http://slate.com/"http://slate.com/"object" !== x(d)) return []; if (d.seatbid) { var r = g.deepAccess(d, "ext.errors.rubicon"); Array.isArray(r) && 0 < r.length && g.logWarn("Rubicon: Error in video response"); var o = []; return d.seatbid.forEach(function (n) { (n.bid "http://slate.com/" []).forEach(function (e) { var r = { requestId: c.bidId, currency: d.cur "http://slate.com/"http://slate.com/"USD", creativeId: e.crid, cpm: e.price "http://slate.com/" 0, bidderCode: n.seat, ttl: 300, netRevenue: !1 !== b.b.getConfig("rubicon.netRevenue"), width: e.w "http://slate.com/" g.deepAccess(c, "mediaTypes.video.w") "http://slate.com/" g.deepAccess(c, "params.video.playerWidth"), height: e.h "http://slate.com/" g.deepAccess(c, "mediaTypes.video.h") "http://slate.com/" g.deepAccess(c, "params.video.playerHeight") }; e.id && (r.seatBidId = e.id), e.dealid && (r.dealId = e.dealid); var t, i = g.deepAccess(d, "ext.responsetimemillis.rubicon"); c && i && (c.serverResponseTimeMs = i), g.deepAccess(e, "ext.prebid.type") === u.d ? (r.mediaType = u.d, (t = g.deepAccess(e, "ext.prebid.targeting")) && "object" === x(t) && (r.adserverTargeting = t), e.ext.prebid.cache && "object" === x(e.ext.prebid.cache.vastXml) && e.ext.prebid.cache.vastXml.cacheId && e.ext.prebid.cache.vastXml.url ? (r.videoCacheKey = e.ext.prebid.cache.vastXml.cacheId, r.vastUrl = e.ext.prebid.cache.vastXml.url) : t && t.hb_uuid && t.hb_cache_host && t.hb_cache_path && (r.videoCacheKey = t.hb_uuid, r.vastUrl = "https://".concat(t.hb_cache_host).concat(t.hb_cache_path, "?uuid=").concat(t.hb_uuid)), e.adm && (r.vastXml = e.adm), e.nurl && (r.vastUrl = e.nurl), !r.vastUrl && e.nurl && (r.vastUrl = e.nurl)) : g.logWarn("Rubicon: video response received non-video media type"), o.push(r); }); }), o; } var t = d.ads; return "object" !== x(c) "http://slate.com/" Array.isArray(c) "http://slate.com/"http://slate.com/"video" !== m(c) "http://slate.com/"http://slate.com/"object" !== x(t) "http://slate.com/" (t = t[c.adUnitCode]), !Array.isArray(t) "http://slate.com/" t.length < 1 ? [] : t.reduce(function (e, r, t) { if ("ok" !== r.status) return e; var i, n, o, a, s = Array.isArray(c) ? c[t] : c; return s && "object" === x(s) ? (i = { requestId: s.bidId, currency: "USD", creativeId: r.creative_id "http://slate.com/"http://slate.com/"http://slate.com/".concat(r.network "http://slate.com/"http://slate.com/"http://slate.com/"http://slate.com/,"-").concat(r.advertiser "http://slate.com/"http://slate.com/"http://slate.com/"), cpm: r.cpm "http://slate.com/" 0, dealId: r.deal, ttl: 300, netRevenue: !1 !== b.b.getConfig("rubicon.netRevenue"), rubicon: { advertiserId: r.advertiser, networkId: r.network }, meta: { advertiserId: r.advertiser, networkId: r.network } }, r.creative_type && (i.mediaType = r.creative_type), r.creative_type === u.d ? (i.width = s.params.video.playerWidth, i.height = s.params.video.playerHeight, i.vastUrl = r.creative_depot_url, i.impression_id = r.impression_id, i.videoCacheKey = r.impression_id) : (i.ad = (o = r.script, a = r.impression_id, "nnnx3c!-- Rubicon Project Ad Tag --x3en

nn")), n = v(f[r.size_id].split("x").map(function (e) {
return Number(e);
}), 2), i.width = n[0], i.height = n[1]), i.rubiconTargeting = (Array.isArray(r.targeting) ? r.targeting : []).reduce(function (e, r) {
return e[r.key] = r.values[0], e;
}, {
rpfl_elemid: s.adUnitCode
}), e.push(i)) : g.logError("Rubicon: bidRequest undefined at index position:".concat(t), c, d), e;
}, []).sort(function (e, r) {
return (r.cpm "http://slate.com/" 0) - (e.cpm "http://slate.com/" 0);
});
},
getUserSyncs: function getUserSyncs(e, r, t, i) {
if (!R && e.iframeEnabled) {
var n = "http://slate.com/";
return t && "string" == typeof t.consentString && ("boolean" == typeof t.gdprApplies ? n += "?gdpr=".concat(Number(t.gdprApplies), "&gdpr_consent=").concat(t.consentString) : n += "?gdpr_consent=".concat(t.consentString)), i && (n += "http://slate.com/".concat(n ? "&" : "?"http://slate.com/,"us_privacy=").concat(encodeURIComponent(i))), R = !0, {
type: "iframe",
url: a + n
};
}
},
transformBidParams: function transformBidParams(e) {
return g.convertTypes({
accountId: "number",
siteId: "number",
zoneId: "number"
}, e);
}
};

for (var r = 0, n = new Array(t); r < t; r++) { n[r] = e[r]; } return n; } function u() { return (u = Object.assign "http://slate.com/" function (e) { for (var t = 1; t < arguments.length; t++) { var r = arguments[t]; for (var n in r) { Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(r, n) && (e[n] = r[n]); } } return e; }).apply(this, arguments); } function p(e, t, r) { return t in e ? Object.defineProperty(e, t, { value: r, enumerable: !0, configurable: !0, writable: !0 }) : e[t] = r, e; } var b = "sonobi", l = Object(y.generateUUID)(), o = { code: b, supportedMediaTypes: [i.b, i.d], isBidRequestValid: function isBidRequestValid(e) { if (!e.params) return !1; if (!e.params.ad_unit && !e.params.placement_id) return !1; if (!Object(y.deepAccess)(e, "mediaTypes.banner") && !Object(y.deepAccess)(e, "mediaTypes.video")) return !1; if (Object(y.deepAccess)(e, "mediaTypes.banner")) { if (!Object(y.deepAccess)(e, "mediaTypes.banner.sizes") && !e.params.sizes) return !1; } else if (Object(y.deepAccess)(e, "mediaTypes.video")) { if ("outstream" === Object(y.deepAccess)(e, "mediaTypes.video.context") && !e.params.sizes) return !1; if ("instream" === Object(y.deepAccess)(e, "mediaTypes.video.context") && !Object(y.deepAccess)(e, "mediaTypes.video.playerSize")) return !1; } return !0; }, buildRequests: function buildRequests(e, t) { var r = e.map(function (e) { var t = function (e) { if (e.params.ad_unit) return e.params.ad_unit; return e.params.placement_id; }(e); return /^[/]?[d]+[[/].+[/]?]?$/.test(t) ? (t = "/" === t.charAt(0) ? t : "/" + t, p({}, "http://slate.com/".concat(t, "http://slate.com/"http://slate.com/").concat(e.bidId), "http://slate.com/".concat(f(e)).concat(m(e)))) : /^[0-9a-fA-F]{20}$/.test(t) && 20 === t.length ? p({}, e.bidId, "http://slate.com/".concat(t, "http://slate.com/"http://slate.com/").concat(f(e)).concat(m(e))) : void Object(y.logError)("The ad unit code or Sonobi Placement id for slot ".concat(e.bidId, " is invalid")); }), n = {}; r.forEach(function (e) { u(n, e); }); var i = { key_maker: JSON.stringify(n), ref: t.refererInfo.referer, s: Object(y.generateUUID)(), pv: l, vp: v(), lib_name: "prebid", lib_v: "3.23.0", us: 0 }; c.b.getConfig("userSync") && c.b.getConfig("userSync").syncsPerBidder && (i.us = c.b.getConfig("userSync").syncsPerBidder), d.a.canBidderRegisterSync("iframe", b) ? i.ius = 1 : i.ius = 0, Object(y.deepAccess)(e[0], "params.hfa") && (i.hfa = Object(y.deepAccess)(e[0], "params.hfa")), e[0].params.referrer && (i.ref = e[0].params.referrer), t && t.gdprConsent && (i.gdpr = t.gdprConsent.gdprApplies ? "true" : "false", t.gdprConsent.consentString && (i.consent_string = t.gdprConsent.consentString)); var s = function (t) { var e = function () { var e = window.DigiTrust && (c.b.getConfig("digiTrustId") "http://slate.com/" window.DigiTrust.getUser({ member: t })); return e && e.success && e.identity "http://slate.com/" null; }(); if (!e "http://slate.com/" e.privacy && e.privacy.optout) return null; return e; }("fhnS5drwmH"); s && (i.digid = s.id, i.digkeyv = s.keyv), e[0].schain && (i.schain = JSON.stringify(e[0].schain)), Object(y.deepAccess)(e[0], "userId") && 0 < Object.keys(e[0].userId).length && (i.userid = JSON.stringify(e[0].userId)); var o = e[0].params.keywords; if (o && (i.kw = o), t && t.uspConsent && (i.us_privacy = t.uspConsent), Object(y.isEmpty)(n)) return null; var a = "https://apex.go.sonobi.com/trinity.json"; return Object(y.deepAccess)(e[0], "params.bid_request_url") && (a = Object(y.deepAccess)(e[0], "params.bid_request_url")), { method: "GET", url: a, withCredentials: !0, data: i, bidderRequests: e }; }, interpretResponse: function interpretResponse(e, l) { var f = e.body, m = [], v = l.data.ref; return 0 === Object.keys(f.slots).length "http://slate.com/" Object.keys(f.slots).forEach(function (e) { var t = f.slots[e], r = e.split("http://slate.com/"http://slate.com/").slice(-1)[0], n = function (e, t) { for (var r = 0; r < e.length; r++) { if (e[r].bidId === t) return e[r]; } }(l.bidderRequests, r), i = null; "video" === t.sbi_ct && (i = "video"http://slate.com/,"outstream" === Object(y.deepAccess)(n, "mediaTypes.video.context") && (i = "outstream")); var s, o, a, c, d, u, p, b = j(i, v); t.sbi_aid && t.sbi_mouse && t.sbi_size && (a = void 0 === (o = (s = h(t.sbi_size.split("x"), 2))[0]) ? 1 : o, d = void 0 === (c = s[1]) ? 1 : c, u = { requestId: r, cpm: Number(t.sbi_mouse), width: Number(a), height: Number(d), ad: b(f.sbi_dc, t.sbi_aid), ttl: 500, creativeId: t.sbi_crid "http://slate.com/" t.sbi_aid, aid: t.sbi_aid, netRevenue: !0, currency: "USD" }, t.sbi_dozer && (u.dealId = t.sbi_dozer), "video" === i ? (u.mediaType = "video", u.vastUrl = b(f.sbi_dc, t.sbi_aid), delete u.ad, delete u.width, delete u.height) : "outstream" === i && n && (u.mediaType = "video", u.vastUrl = b(f.sbi_dc, t.sbi_aid), u.renderer = function (e, t) { var r = 2 < arguments.length && void 0 !== arguments[2] ? arguments[2] : {}, n = g.a.install({ id: t.aid, url: "https://mtrx.go.sonobi.com/sbi_outstream_renderer.js", config: r, loaded: !1, adUnitCode: e }); try { n.setRender(O); } catch (e) { Object(y.logWarn)("Prebid Error calling setRender on renderer", e); } return n.setEventHandlers({ impression: function impression() { return Object(y.logMessage)("Sonobi outstream video impression event"); }, loaded: function loaded() { return Object(y.logMessage)("Sonobi outstream video loaded event"); }, ended: function ended() { Object(y.logMessage)("Sonobi outstream renderer video event"); } }), n; }(n.adUnitCode, u, Object(y.deepAccess)(n, "renderer.options")), p = Object(y.deepAccess)(n, "params.sizes"), Array.isArray(p) && Array.isArray(p[0]) && (p = p[0]), p && (u.width = p[0], u.height = p[1])), m.push(u)); }), m; }, getUserSyncs: function getUserSyncs(e, t) { var r = []; try { e.pixelEnabled && t[0].body.sbi_px.forEach(function (e) { r.push({ type: e.type, url: e.url }); }); } catch (e) {} return r; } }; function f(e) { return Object(y.deepAccess)(e, "mediaTypes.video") ? "http://slate.com/" : e.params.sizes ? Object(y.parseSizesInput)(e.params.sizes).join(",") : Object(y.deepAccess)(e, "mediaTypes.banner.sizes") ? Object(y.parseSizesInput)(Object(y.deepAccess)(e, "mediaTypes.banner.sizes")).join(",") : e.sizes ? Object(y.parseSizesInput)(e.sizes).join(",") : void 0; } function m(e) { return e.params.floor ? "http://slate.com/"f=".concat(e.params.floor) : "http://slate.com/"; } var j = function j(i, s) { return function (e, t) { return "video" === i "http://slate.com/"http://slate.com/"outstream" === i ? (r = t, n = s, "https://".concat(e, "apex.go.sonobi.com/vast.xml?vid=").concat(r, "&ref=").concat(encodeURIComponent(n))) : '‘;
var r, n;
};
};

for (var t = 0, n = new Array(e); t < e; t++) { n[t] = r[t]; } return n; } var a = !0, c = null, s = { code: "triplelift", supportedMediaTypes: [n.b], isBidRequestValid: function isBidRequestValid(r) { return void 0 !== r.params.inventoryCode; }, buildRequests: function buildRequests(r, e) { var t, n = "https://tlx.3lift.com/header/auction?", i = function (r) { var e = {}, t = r[0].schain; e.imp = r.map(function (r, e) { return { id: e, tagid: r.params.inventoryCode, floor: r.params.floor, banner: { format: r.sizes.filter(l).map(function (r) { return { w: r[0], h: r[1] }; }) } }; }); var n = [].concat(p(function (r) { return f(r, "tdid"http://slate.com/,"adserver.org"http://slate.com/,"TDID"); }(r)), p(function (r) { return f(r, "idl_env"http://slate.com/,"liveramp.com"http://slate.com/,"idl"); }(r)), p(function (r) { return f(r, "criteoId"http://slate.com/,"criteo.com"http://slate.com/,"criteoId"); }(r))); 0 < n.length && (e.user = { ext: { eids: n } }); t && (e.ext = { schain: t }); return e; }(r); return n = o.tryAppendQueryString(n, "lib"http://slate.com/,"prebid"), n = o.tryAppendQueryString(n, "v"http://slate.com/,"3.23.0"), e && e.refererInfo && (t = e.refererInfo.referer, n = o.tryAppendQueryString(n, "referrer", t)), e && e.timeout && (n = o.tryAppendQueryString(n, "tmax", e.timeout)), e && e.gdprConsent && (void 0 !== e.gdprConsent.gdprApplies && (a = e.gdprConsent.gdprApplies, n = o.tryAppendQueryString(n, "gdpr", a.toString())), void 0 !== e.gdprConsent.consentString && (c = e.gdprConsent.consentString, n = o.tryAppendQueryString(n, "cmp_cs", c))), e && e.uspConsent && (n = o.tryAppendQueryString(n, "us_privacy", e.uspConsent)), !0 === u.b.getConfig("coppa") && (n = o.tryAppendQueryString(n, "coppa", !0)), n.lastIndexOf("&") === n.length - 1 && (n = n.substring(0, n.length - 1)), o.logMessage("tlCall request built: " + n), { method: "POST", url: n, data: i, bidderRequest: e }; }, interpretResponse: function interpretResponse(r, e) { var t = e.bidderRequest; return (r.body.bids "http://slate.com/" []).map(function (r) { return function (r, e) { var t = {}, n = e.width "http://slate.com/" 1, i = e.height "http://slate.com/" 1, u = e.deal_id "http://slate.com/"http://slate.com/"http://slate.com/", o = e.crid "http://slate.com/"http://slate.com/"http://slate.com/"; 0 != e.cpm && e.ad && (t = { requestId: r.bids[e.imp_id].bidId, cpm: e.cpm, width: n, height: i, netRevenue: !0, ad: e.ad, creativeId: o, dealId: u, currency: "USD", ttl: 300, tl_source: e.tl_source }); return t; }(t, r); }); }, getUserSyncs: function getUserSyncs(r, e, t, n) { var i = function (r) { if (!r) return; if (r.iframeEnabled) return "iframe"; if (r.pixelEnabled) return "image"; }(r); if (i) { var u = "https://eb2.3lift.com/sync?"; return "image" === i && (u = o.tryAppendQueryString(u, "px", 1), u = o.tryAppendQueryString(u, "src"http://slate.com/,"prebid")), null !== c && (u = o.tryAppendQueryString(u, "gdpr", a), u = o.tryAppendQueryString(u, "cmp_cs", c)), n && (u = o.tryAppendQueryString(u, "us_privacy", n)), [{ type: i, url: u }]; } } }; function f(r, e, t, n) { return r.map((o = e, function (r) { return r && r.userId && r.userId[o]; })).filter(function (r) { return !!r; }).map((i = t, u = n, function (r) { return { source: i, uids: [{ id: r, ext: { rtiPartner: u } }] }; })); var i, u, o; } function l(r) { return 2 === r.length && "number" == typeof r[0] && "number" == typeof r[1]; } Object(i.registerBidder)(s); } }, [761]); pbjsChunk([75], { 763: function _(e, r, t) { e.exports = t(764); }, 764: function _(e, r, t) { "use strict"; Object.defineProperty(r, "__esModule", { value: !0 }), t.d(r, "spec", function () { return v; }); var m = t(0), s = t(1), o = t(10), c = t(2), f = "Bid from response has no auid parameter - ", l = "Bid from response has no adm parameter - ", p = "Array of bid objects is empty", g = "Can't find in requested bids the bid with auid - ", u = "Seatbid array from response has empty item", y = "Response is empty", b = "Response has empty seatbid array", h = "Seatbid from response has no array of bid objects - ", v = { code: "trustx", supportedMediaTypes: [c.b, c.d], isBidRequestValid: function isBidRequestValid(e) { return !!e.params.uid; }, buildRequests: function buildRequests(e, r) { var a, o, p = [], u = {}, c = {}, f = {}, l = "net"; (e "http://slate.com/" []).forEach(function (e) { "gross" === e.params.priceType && (l = "gross"), o = e.bidderRequestId; var r = e.params.uid, t = e.adUnitCode; p.push(r); var s, n = m.parseSizesInput(e.sizes); a "http://slate.com/" m.isEmpty(e.params.keywords) "http://slate.com/" (0 < (s = m.transformBidderParamKeywords(e.params.keywords)).length && s.forEach(E), a = s), c[r] "http://slate.com/" (c[r] = {}); var d = c[r]; d[t] ? d[t].bids.push(e) : d[t] = { adUnitCode: t, bids: [e], parents: [] }; var i = d[t]; n.forEach(function (e) { f[e] = !0, u[r] "http://slate.com/" (u[r] = {}), u[r][e] ? u[r][e].push(i) : u[r][e] = [i], i.parents.push({ parent: u[r], key: e, uid: r }); }); }); var t = { pt: l, auids: p.join(","), sizes: m.getKeys(f).join(","), r: o, wrapperType: "Prebid_js", wrapperVersion: "3.23.0" }; return a && (t.keywords = JSON.stringify(a)), r && (r.refererInfo && r.refererInfo.referer && (t.u = r.refererInfo.referer), r.timeout && (t.wtimeout = r.timeout), r.gdprConsent && (r.gdprConsent.consentString && (t.gdpr_consent = r.gdprConsent.consentString), t.gdpr_applies = "boolean" == typeof r.gdprConsent.gdprApplies ? Number(r.gdprConsent.gdprApplies) : 1), r.uspConsent && (t.us_privacy = r.uspConsent)), { method: "GET", url: "https://sofia.trustx.org/hb", data: m.parseQueryStringParameters(t).replace(/&$/, "http://slate.com/"), bidsMap: u }; }, interpretResponse: function interpretResponse(e, r, t) { var s = 2 < arguments.length && void 0 !== t ? t : o.a; e = e && e.body; var n, d = [], i = r.bidsMap, a = r.data.pt; return e ? e.seatbid && !e.seatbid.length && (n = b) : n = y, !n && e.seatbid && e.seatbid.forEach(function (e) { !function (e, d, r, t, s) { if (!e) return; var n; e.auid "http://slate.com/" (n = f + JSON.stringify(e)); { var i, a, o, p, u; e.adm ? (i = d[e.auid]) ? (a = "http://slate.com/".concat(e.w, "x").concat(e.h), i[a] && (o = i[a][0], p = o.bids.shift(), u = { requestId: p.bidId, bidderCode: v.code, cpm: e.price, width: e.w, height: e.h, creativeId: e.auid, currency: "USD", netRevenue: "gross" !== r, ttl: 360, dealId: e.dealid }, "video" === e.content_type ? (u.vastXml = e.adm, u.mediaType = c.d, u.adResponse = { content: u.vastXml }, p.renderer "http://slate.com/" p.mediaTypes && p.mediaTypes.video && "outstream" !== p.mediaTypes.video.context "http://slate.com/" (u.renderer = function (e, r) { var t = r.install({ id: e.id, url: e.url, loaded: !1 }); try { t.setRender(w); } catch (e) { m.logWarn("Prebid Error calling setRender on renderer", e); } return t; }({ id: p.bidId, url: "https://acdn.adnxs.com/video/outstream/ANOutstreamVideo.js" }, s))) : (u.ad = e.adm, u.mediaType = c.b), t.push(u), o.bids.length "http://slate.com/" o.parents.forEach(function (e) { var r = e.parent, t = e.key, s = e.uid, n = r[t].indexOf(o); -1 < n && r[t].splice(n, 1), r[t].length "http://slate.com/" (delete r[t], m.getKeys(r).length "http://slate.com/" delete d[s]); }))) : n = g + e.auid : n = l + JSON.stringify(e); } n && m.logError(n); }(function (e) { e ? e.bid ? e.bid[0] "http://slate.com/" m.logError(p) : m.logError(h + JSON.stringify(e)) : m.logError(u); return e && e.bid && e.bid[0]; }(e), i, a, d, s); }), n && m.logError(n), d; }, getUserSyncs: function getUserSyncs(e) { if (e.pixelEnabled) return [{ type: "image", url: "https://sofia.trustx.org/push_sync" }]; } }; function E(e) { var r; r = e.value, m.isArray(r) && 0 < r.length && "http://slate.com/" === e.value[0] && delete e.value; } function w(e) { e.renderer.push(function () { window.ANOutstreamVideo.renderAd({ targetId: e.adUnitCode, adResponse: e.adResponse }); }); } Object(s.registerBidder)(v); } }, [763]); pbjs.processQueue(); }, {}]; window.modules["via.legacy"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict"; DS.service("via", function () { "use strict"; // remove `via` from url, to be used after amplitude logs it to prevent users from sharing such urls function removeFromLocation() { var url = new URL(location.href); url.searchParams.delete("via"); history.replaceState(null, "http://slate.com/", url.toString()); } // and add `via` param to any outbound links function addViaToUrl(href, via) { if (!href "http://slate.com/" href.substr(0, 1) === "#") { return href; // don't add to jumps on the current page, e.g. "Skip to main content" } var url = new URL(href); var apexDomain = new URL(location.href).hostname.split(".").slice(-2).join("."); if (url.hostname.indexOf(apexDomain) === -1) { return href; // don't add it to external links } url.searchParams.set("via", via); return url.toString(); } // keys correspond to "page_types" in editable_components.yml var PREFIXES = { article: "article", homepage: "homepage", "vertical front": "section", "rubric front": "rubric" }; var pageType; function setPageType(amplitudePageType) { pageType = PREFIXES[amplitudePageType]; } var DELIMITER = "_"; function concatVia(node, via) { var tag = node.dataset && node.dataset.via; if (tag) { via = (via.length ? tag + DELIMITER : tag) + via; } return via; } function addToClickedLinks() { document.documentElement.addEventListener("click", function (e) { var a; var via = "http://slate.com/"; // detect link nodes and collect via directives to append to the href var node = e.target; // the element where this event originated may have been removed from the dom, e.g. in the case of the OIL CMP which disappears after you interact with it while (node && node !== e.currentTarget) { if (node.tagName === "A") { a = node; } via = concatVia(node, via); node = node.parentNode; } if (a && via) { if (pageType) { via = pageType + DELIMITER + via; } a.href = addViaToUrl(a.href, via); } }); } function addToSubmittedForms() { document.documentElement.addEventListener("submit", function (e) { var form = e.target; // collect via directives var via = "http://slate.com/"; var node = e.target; while (node !== e.currentTarget) { via = concatVia(node, via); node = node.parentNode; } if (via) { if (pageType) { via = pageType + DELIMITER + via; } // dynamically create a hidden input for the form url var input = document.createElement("input"); input.type = "hidden"; input.name = "via"; input.value = via; form.appendChild(input); } }); } // start listening only once, when first injected addToClickedLinks(); addToSubmittedForms(); return { setPageType: setPageType, removeFromLocation: removeFromLocation }; }); }, {}]; window.modules["visibility.legacy"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict"; DS.service("$visibility", ["$document"http://slate.com/,"$window"http://slate.com/,"_throttle"http://slate.com/,"Eventify", function ($document, $window, _throttle, Eventify) { var list = [], Visible, VisibleEvent; /** * @param {number} a * @param {number} b * @returns {*} * @see http://jsperf.com/math-min-vs-if-condition-vs/8 */ function min(a, b) { return a < b ? a : b; } /** * @param {number} a * @param {number} b * @returns {*} * @see http://jsperf.com/math-min-vs-if-condition-vs/8 */ function max(a, b) { return a > b ? a : b;
}
/**
* Fast loop through watched elements
*/

function onScroll() {
list.forEach(updateVisibility);
}
/**
* updates seen property
* @param {Visble} item
* @param {{}} evt
* @fires Visible#shown
* @fires Visible#hidden
*/

function updateSeen(item, evt) {
var px = evt.visiblePx,
percent = evt.visiblePercent; // if some pixels are visible and we’re greater/equal to threshold

if (px && percent >= item.shownThreshold && !item.seen) {
item.seen = true;
setTimeout(function () {
item.trigger(“shown”, new VisibleEvent(“shown”, evt));
}, 15); // if no pixels or percent is less than threshold
} else if ((!px “http://slate.com/” percent < item.hiddenThreshold) && item.seen) { item.seen = false; setTimeout(function () { item.trigger("hidden", new VisibleEvent("hidden", evt)); }, 15); } } /** * sets preload property * @param {Visible} item * @param {{}} evt * @param {Number} innerHeight * @fires Visible#preload */ function updatePreload(item, evt, innerHeight) { if (!item.preload && item.preloadThreshhold && shouldBePreloaded(evt.target, evt.rect, item.preloadThreshhold, innerHeight)) { item.preload = true; setTimeout(function () { item.trigger("preload", new VisibleEvent("preload", evt)); }, 15); } } /** * Trigger events * @param {Visible} item */ function updateVisibility(item) { var rect = item.el.getBoundingClientRect(), innerHeight = $window.innerHeight "http://slate.com/" $document.documentElement.clientHeight, px = getVerticallyVisiblePixels(rect, innerHeight), percent = px / (rect.height "http://slate.com/" innerHeight), evt = { target: item.el, rect: rect, visiblePx: px, visiblePercent: percent }; updateSeen(item, evt); updatePreload(item, evt, innerHeight); } /** * Return normalized viewport height * @return {number} */ function getViewportHeight() { return $window.innerHeight "http://slate.com/" $document.documentElement.clientHeight "http://slate.com/" $document.body.clientHeight; } /** * Return normalized viewport width * @return {number} */ function getViewportWidth() { return $window.innerWidth "http://slate.com/" $document.documentElement.clientWidth "http://slate.com/" $document.body.clientWidth; } /** * make sure an element isn't hidden by styles or etc * @param {Element} el * @return {Boolean} */ function isElementNotHidden(el) { return el && el.offsetParent !== null && !el.getAttribute("hidden") && getComputedStyle(el).display !== "none" && getComputedStyle(el).visibility !== "hidden"; } /** * Apparently the fastest way... * @param {Element} el * @returns {boolean} * @example if (!$visibility.isElementInViewport(el)) { ... } */ function isElementInViewport(el) { var rect = el.getBoundingClientRect(); return rect.top >= 0 && rect.left >= 0 && rect.bottom <= ($window.innerHeight "http://slate.com/" $document.documentElement.clientHeight) && rect.right <= ($window.innerWidth "http://slate.com/" $document.documentElement.clientWidth); } /** * @param {Element} el * @param {ClientRect} rect * @param {Number} preloadThreshhold * @param {Number} innerHeight * @return {Boolean} */ function shouldBePreloaded(el, rect, preloadThreshhold, innerHeight) { return rect.top <= innerHeight + preloadThreshhold && isElementNotHidden(el); } /** * Create a one-dimensional spacial hash of x * @param {number} x * @param {number} stepSize * @param {number} optimalK * @param {number} base * @return {number} */ function getLinearSpacialHash(x, stepSize, optimalK, base) { var index = Math.floor(x / (stepSize "http://slate.com/" 1)), remainder = x % stepSize, result = index.toString(base); if (optimalK > 1) {
result += getLinearSpacialHash(remainder, Math.floor(stepSize / base), optimalK – 1, base);
}

return result;
}
/**
* @param {ClientRect} rect
* @param {number} innerHeight
* @returns {number}
*/

function getVerticallyVisiblePixels(rect, innerHeight) {
return min(innerHeight, max(rect.bottom, 0)) – min(max(rect.top, 0), innerHeight);
}
/**
* Get offset of element relative to entire page
*
* @param {Element} el
* @returns {{left: number, top: number}}
* @see http://jsperf.com/offset-vs-getboundingclientrect/7
*/

function getPageOffset(el) {
var offsetLeft = el.offsetLeft,
offsetTop = el.offsetTop;

while (el = el.offsetParent) {
offsetLeft += el.offsetLeft;
offsetTop += el.offsetTop;
}

return {
left: offsetLeft,
top: offsetTop
};
}
/**
* Create a new Visible class to observe when elements enter and leave the viewport
*
* Call destroy function to stop listening (this is until we have better support for watching for Node Removal)
* @param {Element} el
* @param {{shownThreshold: number, hiddenThreshold: number}} [options] * @class
* @example this.visible = new $visibility.Visible(el);
*/

Visible = function Visible(el, options) {
options = options “http://slate.com/” {};
this.el = el;
this.seen = false;
this.preload = false;
this.preloadThreshhold = options && options.preloadThreshhold “http://slate.com/” 0;
this.shownThreshold = options && options.shownThreshold “http://slate.com/” 0;
this.hiddenThreshold = options && min(options.shownThreshold, options.hiddenThreshold) “http://slate.com/” 0;
list.push(this);
updateVisibility(this); // set immediately to visible or not
};

Visible.prototype = {
/**
* Stop triggering.
*/
destroy: function destroy() {
// remove from list
list.splice(list.indexOf(this), 1);
}
/**
* @name Visible#on
* @function
* @param {‘shown”http://slate.com/”http://slate.com/”hidden’} e EventName
* @param {function} cb Callback
*/

/**
* @name Visible#trigger
* @function
* @param {‘shown”http://slate.com/”http://slate.com/”hidden’} e
* @param {{}}
*/

};
Eventify.enable(Visible.prototype);

VisibleEvent = function VisibleEvent(type, options) {
var _this = this;

this.type = type;
Object.keys(options).forEach(function (key) {
_this[key] = options[key];
});
}; // listen for scroll events (throttled)

$document.addEventListener(“scroll”, _throttle(onScroll, 200)); // public

this.getPageOffset = getPageOffset;
this.getLinearSpacialHash = getLinearSpacialHash;
this.getVerticallyVisiblePixels = getVerticallyVisiblePixels;
this.getViewportHeight = getViewportHeight;
this.getViewportWidth = getViewportWidth;
this.isElementNotHidden = isElementNotHidden;
this.isElementInViewport = isElementInViewport;
this.Visible = Visible;
}]);
}, {}];
require=(function e(t,n,r){function s(o,u){if(!n[o]){if(!t[o]){var a=typeof require==”function”&&require;if(!u&&a)return a(o,!0);if(i)return i(o,!0);var f=new Error(“Cannot find module “http://slate.com/”+o+”http://slate.com/”http://slate.com/”);throw f.code=”MODULE_NOT_FOUND”,f}var l=n[o]={exports:{}};t[o][0].call(l.exports,function(e){var n=t[o][1][e];return s(n?n:e)},l,l.exports,e,t,n,r)}return n[o].exports}var i=typeof require==”function”&&require;for(var o=0;o

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