MANILA, Nov. 13 (Xinhua) — Aging populations could be a boon to economies in the Asia and Pacific region if governments adopt technology policies that improve elderly people’s health, extend skills and working lives, and facilitate job matching, according to a new report released by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) on Wednesday.
The report titled The Asian Economic Integration Report 2019/2020 (AEIR): Demographic Change, Productivity, and the Role of Technology reviews Asia and the Pacific’s progress in regional cooperation and integration.
The report features a special chapter on the role and potential of technology in boosting the productivity of aging economies.
“The aging trend is irreversible in much of Asia and the Pacific, but governments could turn that into a ‘silver dividend’,” said ADB Chief Economist Yasuyuki Sawada.
“Today’s elderly are better educated and healthier than in the past. The right policies on technologies could extend working lives, generating a substantial contribution to the overall economy,” he added.
According to the report, the average healthy life span increased by nearly seven years from 57.2 to 63.8 years between 1990 and 2017 for the economies in Asia and the Pacific.
According to the report, the average years of education among 55 to 64-year-old people also increased from 4.6 in 1990 to 7.8 in 2015.
“Exact measures that should be taken depend on an economy’s specific aging and education profile but broadly one of four types: fast or slow aging and above or below median education levels.”
It said that countries that are fast aging and have above-median education levels would benefit from adopting automation and labor augmenting technology to supplement the low supply of labor for routine work, while countries with slow aging and below-median education levels could prioritize technical applications in education to help a younger population access high-quality education.
Regardless of the aging and education profiles, the report called for a rethink of education and skills training to include lifelong learning as well as the adoption of technologies and approaches to make work and workplaces more suitable for older employees.
The labor market, social security, and tax system reform would also encourage older people to continue working.
Policies that ease the movement of capital, labor, and technology across borders would be useful to help countries at different stages of demographic transition and technological adoption to cope, said the report.
